Japan’s political landscape is experiencing a noticeable shift to the right under Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi, a change that is complicating its relationship with South Korea. The increasing conservatism in Japanese politics is raising alarms that the longstanding historical and territorial disputes between the two nations could disrupt recent diplomatic efforts. Historically, the two countries have attempted a “two-track” strategy, which involves setting aside contentious historical issues to focus on collaboration in areas like security and economic affairs. However, a report by South Korea’s Institute for National Security Strategy suggests that the current political climate in Japan might jeopardize this delicate balance.
Recent developments have brought these tensions to the forefront. There has been a resurgence in friction following visits by Japanese politicians to the Yasukuni Shrine, a site that has long been a point of contention. Additionally, Japan’s renewed assertion of sovereignty over the Dokdo Islands—known as Takeshima in Japan and under South Korean control—has further strained relations. Although Prime Minister Takaichi did not visit the shrine on the sensitive anniversary of Japan’s World War II surrender on August 15, her decision to send a ritual offering was met with criticism. Meanwhile, visits by other high-ranking Japanese officials prompted formal diplomatic protests from South Korea.
Despite these challenges, South Korean President Lee Jae Myung has demonstrated a cautious stance. While he acknowledges the deep-seated historical grievances that continue to affect bilateral relations, he also emphasizes the importance of maintaining cooperation with Japan. This balanced approach underscores the necessity of managing historical disputes while advancing mutual interests.
Experts caution that if both nations fail to make substantial progress in resolving these disputes and enhancing cooperation, the “two-track” approach may falter. The ongoing disagreements over historical interpretations, territorial rights, and wartime issues represent significant hurdles. For the strategy to succeed, both countries must work towards tangible diplomatic achievements and broaden their collaboration in practical domains.